Litigation and case-analysis glossary  A Markdown version of this page is available at https://legalnaut.com/glossary.md for AI and LLM tools. 

  Case analysis, term by term
===========================

 One sentence each, then the longer answer. Written for lawyers rather than for engineers.

 [  Chronology A chronology is a dated list of the events in a dispute, each one traceable to the document that evidences it.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/chronology) [  Contradiction A contradiction is a pair of statements in the case file that cannot both be true, each one anchored to the document it appears in.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/contradiction) [  Exhibit An exhibit is a document formally put before a court, carrying a reference number that stays fixed for the life of the proceedings.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/exhibit) [  Bundle A bundle is the paginated set of documents filed for a hearing, indexed so any page can be found from the index in one step.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/bundle) [  Provenance Provenance is the record of where a piece of evidence came from and what has happened to it since.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/provenance) [  Checksum A checksum is a short fingerprint computed from a file, which changes if even one byte of the file changes.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/checksum) [  Chain of custody Chain of custody is the documented sequence of hands a piece of evidence has passed through, from collection to court.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/chain-of-custody) [  Audit log An audit log is an append-only record of who did what in a system and when.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/audit-log) [  E-discovery E-discovery is the process of identifying, collecting and producing electronic documents for litigation.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/e-discovery) [  Privilege review Privilege review is the check that no legally privileged document is handed to the other side during disclosure.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/privilege-review) [  Redaction Redaction is the permanent removal of protected text from a document before it is disclosed or filed.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/redaction) [  Anonymisation Anonymisation replaces identifying details in a document with labels, so the substance can be read without exposing who it concerns.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/anonymisation) [  OCR OCR turns an image of text, such as a scan or a photograph of a page, into text a computer can search.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/ocr) [  Transcription Transcription turns recorded speech into text, so a recording can be searched, quoted and cited like any other document.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/transcription) [  Entity extraction Entity extraction pulls the people, organisations, places and dates out of a document and records where each one appeared.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/entity-extraction) [  Claim A claim, in case analysis, is a single assertion of fact made in a document, recorded together with who made it and where.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/claim) [  Deduplication Deduplication removes repeated copies of the same document from a case file, keeping one.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/deduplication) [  Retrieval-augmented generation Retrieval-augmented generation is a technique where a language model is given relevant documents to read before it answers, instead of answering from memory.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/rag) [  Hallucination A hallucination is a confident, fluent statement from a language model that is not supported by any source.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/hallucination) [  Proof chart A proof chart is a table that sets each issue a party has to establish against the facts and exhibits that prove it, and shows where nothing does yet.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/proof-chart) [  Pin-cite A pin-cite is a citation that points to the exact page of a document, not only to the document.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/pin-cite) [  Cite-check A cite-check is the verification that every citation in a document points at a real source that says what the document claims it says.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/cite-check) [  Witness dossier A witness dossier is everything a case file holds about one person, gathered for the examination: their statements, what was said about them, the documents they wrote, and the statements the file contradicts.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/witness-dossier) [  Limitation period A limitation period is the deadline after which a claim can no longer be brought.  ](https://legalnaut.com/glossary/limitation-period) 

 SCREENSHOT

    ![]()